I didn’t read all of the quotes that are mentioned on that thread, however from a quick look, most of them are indeed true quotes. What’s missing is the perspective and understanding behind it.
A lot has been written in this topic, but as an overview, the Ramchal in Derech Hashem 2:4 explains it at length. In summary, saying that there’s a difference of value is not accurate. The difference is in the ability to effect change in the upper worlds and the responsibility that comes with that. Since after Avraham Avinu only his offspring were charged with bringing the world back to its original state of before the sin of Adam, the non-Jew no longer has the ability or the responsibility to effect the changes required.
Most of these quotes are derived from this fact. A Jew is responsible to repair the world and effect outer worldly change and therefore his laws and behaviors must be different than a non-Jew who is charged with merely not ruining the current world.
This doesn’t mean one is more valuable than the other, but simply that they have two distinct purposes for their existence and therefore we approach their laws differently. Similar to different employees in a company, both are needed, but one may have a bigger responsibility and therefore better compensation. Maybe the value of their contribution is different, but the company needs them both equally for it to be able to run.
I can’t explain every single quote that they bring, but the majority of them can be explained with this.