In Episode 4, Season 1 of Voyager, Neelix gets attacked by a species that beams out his lungs.
As a hot fix, the holographic doctor creates a hologram of his lungs, based on a recent Transporter log.
If the transporter logs are detailed enough to create holographic lungs, why couldn’t the crew use the transporter to materialize a second pair of lungs for neelix?
From my understanding of beaming, the information can be materialized independent of the dematerialiazation. The second Riker from TNG is an example of the materialization process being independent from the dematerialization process.