With the new Pottermore site and the upcoming release of Fantastic Beasts film, JK Rowling has been awesome and given us new writing on the schools of magic in the world.
In the introduction it is stated that there are eleven established/registered schools. There are writings for six of them. I don't think we need a new writing for Hogwarts... so that means seven have been located and defined.
- Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry - Great Britain
- Beauxbatons Academy of Magic - France
- Durmstrang Institute - Northern Europe (possibly Estonia, Latvia, or Belarus)
- Mahoutokoro - Japan
- Uagadou - Africa (possibly Congo/DRC)
- Castelbruxo - Brazil
- Ilvermorny - United States
Do we know anything of possible location or names of the other four schools? I know Koldovstoretz was mentioned as school in Russia, but is that still canon?
- Koldovstoretz - Russia (maybe depending on current canon)
The final three are my guesses based on the population and geography on the world.
- Name Unknown - China (based on population)
- Name Unknown - India (based on population)
- Name Unknown - Australia (based on geography)
Related: Are there wizarding schools in the rest of the "magical" world?