While some fans have stated that the soul may become trapped, the common conclusion is to prevent blindness. Also, they DO look at the trap, while wearing goggles in the second movie.
From ectozone:
Do not look into the trap: It is not stated what exactly would happen
if a human were to look into a Ghost Trap, however it is believed by
most that the glare could cause eye damage and even blindness.
From gbfans.com:
In Ghostbusters, Ray advises Egon against looking at the trap. In the
Braxtan fanfilm, Return of the Ghostbusters, this comment is expanded
upon, the characters describing how the soul can be pulled through the
eyes into a trap, subsequently being stored like a ghost.
However, as evidenced in the films it is more likely that looking
directly into the trap will blind you, not steal your soul. In
Ghostbusters it was simply that Egon was not close enough to be
blinded by the trap, but was clearly bothered by looking into the
Ghost Trap.