According to the gemara (B'rachot 35) "If one benefits from this world without blessing, it is as if he steals from Hash-m" and the discussion then applies this to a variety of blessings we are to say before we eat foods. As mentioned here, "partaking in His creation without consent would be tantamount to stealing. When we acknowledge that our food comes from God – i.e. we say a bracha – God grants us permission to partake in the world's pleasures."
But we benefit from the world in so many more ways than just eating, all the time. If I take cotton and weave a shirt, if I take corn and use it for ethanol, if I take a frond, or by extension, an umbrella and cover myself in a rainstorm, or sit at a table or play a video game. In each case, I am benefiting from the world but I don't know of a particular blessing I should be making. It seems, though, that every moment, during which I am breathing air, I should be making a blessing asking for permission.
Why does the gemara extend Birchat Hanehenin to eating and not to the myriad other things I do for which I might think I would similarly have to ask that permission?
I really don't know of any reason to hyphenate Hashem, since as you correctly said this is not G-d's name but rather a way of describing Him. This must be a mistake which stems from people confusing the description Hashem with the name (in English) of G-d, which is hyphenated because it is considered a name._
Yoel Domb
– Danny Schoemann Apr 15 '18 at 13:11(P.S. As for the Dafyomi Kollel's inconsistency regarding the spelling of the word "Hashem," that goes back some 20 years to when the transliteration rules were being decided. The main writers of the Background to the Daf decided to hyphenate and capitalize, so they spelled it HaSh-m. The writers of the other study material, such as the Insights, decided to spell it the conventional way, Hashem, based on the considerations you mentioned. For no known reason, the two ways just continued in the different study materials. There are actually very few such incidents in our material.) – Danny Schoemann Apr 15 '18 at 13:11