If a person is good person throughout his life,
But does not believe in God, in other words a Non-Muslim. Will he/she go to hell?
I think of this question when about reading Alexander Fleming, that he was a Good person, he did very well for the mankind, but he was Roman Catholic (according to nndb).
Or some philanthropist, who do charity.
Will people like him, go to hell..? Because they do not believe.
As far as I know, a person who does not believe will go to hell in afterlife.
Surah Al-Infal
Verse (8:36) Indeed, those who disbelieve spend their wealth to avert [people] from the way of Allah. So they will spend it; then it will be for them a [source of] regret; then they will be overcome. And those who have disbelieved - unto Hell they will be gathered.
Surah Al-Nisa
Verse 4:151 they are indeed the true disbelievers. And We have prepared for the disbelievers a humiliating punishment
There is no reward here after who disbelieve Allah, The Day, Angles, his Books and Messengers.
Whatever the good deed they do in this word will not suffice for that what they already enjoyed in this world.
Allah can forgive all sins, no matter what. His mercy is enormous and no sin is bigger than his mercy. All you need to do is ask for forgiveness and ask it from the heart like you mean it. He will forgive you because nothing matches Allah (SWT) mercy.
As I explained it before there are two kinds of ignorant: 1.Culpable ignorant 2.Inculpable ignorant
The first group deserves to be punished due to neglecting the duty of finding the TRUTH. Although they have the opportunity to go in search of convincing answers for a few crucial and fundamental Questions about their destiny and eternity! they irresponsibly ignore it. see how the verse is interpreted by a Hadith from Imam Kadim (peace be upon him)
رُسُلاً مُبَشِّرينَ وَ مُنْذِرينَ لِئَلاَّ يَكُونَ لِلنَّاسِ عَلَى اللَّهِ حُجَّةٌ بَعْدَ الرُّسُلِ وَ كانَ اللَّهُ عَزيزاً حَكيماً
apostles, as bearers of good news and warners, so that mankind may not have any argument against Allah, after the [sending of the] apostles; and Allah is all-mighty, all-wise.(4:165)
عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ قَالَ قَالَ لِي أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ع...يَا هِشَامُ إِنَّ لِلَّهِ عَلَى النَّاسِ حُجَّتَيْنِ حُجَّةً ظَاهِرَةً وَ حُجَّةً بَاطِنَةً فَأَمَّا الظَّاهِرَةُ فَالرُّسُلُ وَ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ وَ الْأَئِمَّةُ ع وَ أَمَّا الْبَاطِنَةُ فَالْعُقُولُ
Imam Kazim (peace be upon him) said to Hisham bin Hakam: O Hisham, Allah has placed two kinds of authority over man:the apparent and manifest authority and the internal and hidden authority. The prophets and messengers are the apparent and manifest authorities and intelligence is the hidden and internal authority. (Al-Kafi Volume 1. Page 22.)
Intelligence is the hidden messenger with which no argument against Allah can be made just as mankind may not have any argument after sending of apparent messengers.
The second group does not deserve any punishment because they've done their utmost to seek the TRUTH but due to certain reasons they've failed to discover it. For instance they live in a country whose government is isolating people from hearing the true call of Islam through spreading poisonous propaganda against it.
لا يُكَلِّفُ اللَّهُ نَفْساً إِلاَّ وُسْعَها
Allah does not task any soul beyond its capacity(2:286)
