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I have a table flat surface made from aluminum, and the table legs are made from medium carbon steel. What are 3 welding processes that could be used to weld the legs to the flat surface.

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Can't be done . Soldering and brazing physical properties would be poor. I think there is one possibility , which you can not afford, explosion bonding . A piece of aluminum is forced against steel by explosive force. Even that would be a challenge because of the very large differences in properties. Then aluminum would be welded to the aluminum side and steel welded to the steel side ; still I see a lot of problems. Think epoxy or bolts.

blacksmith37
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    You can buy the stuff pre-explosive-bonded and weld the al to the al and steel to steel. triclad. This is how thousands of boats are built with steel hulls and aluminum superstructures each year – Phil Sweet Apr 03 '18 at 22:36
  • See here for an illustration of how Triclad is implemented: http://www.maritimeservicesdirectory.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Merrem-beeld.jpg There is no reason this theory couldn't be used to join table legs to a table top – Jonathan R Swift Apr 04 '18 at 12:18
  • It's been about 40 yr since I looked at explosion bonding; I guess there have been developments. Apparently the "triclad" bar is sawn from a plate to make the smaller sections. Interesting that the figure faintly shows the classic ripples at the bond interfaces. – blacksmith37 Apr 05 '18 at 02:05