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I am the lead author on a journal paper to the IEEE, and I'm trying to figure out how to cite other contributors in a way that makes sense. Two of us are affiliated with a university, one contributor is a wonderful and knowledgable mathematician whose "real job" is in the service industry, and the other contributor is also a math nerd who is a barista in another country that did all of the proofs.

Would these non-conventional authors be "independent" or "unaffiliated" or some other term. The affiliation is required by the journal. Any suggestions (or a definitive source) of how to handle this issue would be appreciated.

Nate Eldredge
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b degnan
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    In what sense is affiliation "required" by the journal? A formal rule, or just a web form that can't be left blank? In the former case, ask the journal what they want you to do. In the latter, enter "none". – Nate Eldredge Jun 10 '17 at 19:13
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    By the way, the word "cite" is not applicable here; that would be about referring to other papers by those people. I would talk about how to "list" these collaborators. – Nate Eldredge Jun 10 '17 at 19:14
  • @NateEldredge Two things, firstly, the affiliation is required, but mostly, I'd like a to be sure that protocol is followed, which leads me to the second part: I was hoping for an authoritative reference. As per that link, "Independent Scholar" is promising; however, I am still unsure if there's an official method. An aside, "independent scholar" as a literal phrase translates terribly into the other language one of the researchers (one doesn't speak english), so a official reference would dismiss doubt about nuance. – b degnan Jun 10 '17 at 21:00
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    Ok. I don't know of any universally authoritative / official term or protocol for such situations. The journal might have standardized on some specific term, but you would have to ask them about that. – Nate Eldredge Jun 10 '17 at 21:05
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    @NateEldredge After a few rounds with the editors, we did decide on "Independent Scholar". – b degnan Jun 12 '17 at 10:06

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