I am asking this question because I am considering applying for PhD in Electrical and electronics engineering in US.
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2Does this answer your question? How does the admissions process work for Ph.D. programs in Country X? – JackRed Aug 14 '23 at 10:31
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For my university, yes, basically all the Ph.D. students have financial support. TA, RA, or fellowship. – Part-time Engineer Aug 15 '23 at 12:49
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No, there is no automatic "funding". But what is normally available to most doctoral students in STEM fields is a Teaching Assistantship or possibly a Research Assistantship, in which you spend several hours per week assisting in either a course or a lab, respectively.
These are common but not automatic. An international student might need appropriate language skills to qualify.
Also note that these are common in most STEM fields because there is a need for assistance. For example, in a Math program the TAs assist in the huge undergraduate math program. In some lab fields there is a need for a lot of lab assistants to aid with research. I don't know specifically how this applies to engineering fields, however and it would depend on the university and its overall program.
Either a TA or an RA will cover both tuition and a modest stipend for living expenses. Without either, you normally need to pay tuition, which can be very high.
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PhD programs in STEM in the US are usually fully funded. Sometimes this funding comes from the university and you are expected to teach or TA a certain number of classes each year. Sometimes it comes from the faculty member you are doing research with. In either case, it is more like a job than a scholarship: You effectively earn your stipend and tuition waivers by doing work for the university or your professor.
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