I am applying for a PhD in Math at US grad schools mainly because they allow you one or more years of coursework to figure out your research interests and potential advisors. Are there any other countries that allow you this opportunity outside of the US? I have an MSc that was purely coursework based without a thesis component and while I'm certain of the subfield I'd like to work in, I still need more time to figure out the specific topics of my research and create a research proposal.
From what I've read here and here Europe seems to be on the opposite side of this spectrum. Are there any (preferably English speaking) countries that are closer to the US in this regard?