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We see that Finn can fight with a lightsaber,

first on Takodana against strormtroopers and later on Starkiller base against Ren.

Is this something that's part of his back story that we're going to find out later, or is there some little-known fact about Stormtroopers that they're trained in hand-to-hand combat with non-projectile weapons? If memory serves, this is the first of the films that shows a stormtrooper brandishing anything besides a blaster-type weapon; as such, there's never been any suggestion that they are trained with other types of weapons.

DVK-on-Ahch-To
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paultamalunas
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    you'll note that he's not very good at it... – KutuluMike Dec 27 '15 at 16:13
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    @Mike Although, he succeeded in injuring a force guy. – user931 Dec 27 '15 at 16:26
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    who was already severely injured, and proceeds to practically kill Finn in response – KutuluMike Dec 27 '15 at 16:27
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    I noticed that he held his own against a trained swordsman. I don't know much about Kylo Ren, other than hints in the movie that he trained with Luke, and then lost his mind. I would expect your average stormtrooper to receive a prompt beat-down from someone like that. Unless Kylo Ren is known to just not be very good, but I didn't pick up any suggestion of that from the movie. – paultamalunas Dec 27 '15 at 16:32
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    @paultamalunas : Kylo Ren gets his mind read by an untrained first timer (Rey). He's clearly on the B team. – Eric Towers Dec 27 '15 at 20:28
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    FWIW, the novelization specifically points out that Finn had never used anything like lightsaber, and didn't even register it was a "weapon" until Maz pointed it out, which seems to rule out any previous off-screen training. – KutuluMike Dec 27 '15 at 22:06
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    It would seem very unlikely to me that stormtroopers wouldn't receive at least some training in various forms of hand-to-hand combat. – Harry Johnston Dec 27 '15 at 22:33
  • @HarryJohnston - they did. I just posted a fully canon answer proving it. – DVK-on-Ahch-To Dec 28 '15 at 02:05
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    I took Finn's moderate competence with the lightsaber (he lost twice, but did sort of hold his own for a while) to be an indication that he may have had at least a hint of ability to use the Force. Nothing like Rey's ability, or Kylo Ren's, but it looked to me like something was going on there. Maybe it was just general hand-to-hand skill from training as a stormtrooper, but I didn't quite get that impression. – Glen_b Dec 28 '15 at 02:44
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    Watched it today. It is possible that Finn also is force sensitive, from my grab of it. And as noted by Eric Towers, Kylo Ren seems rather untrained and very easily frustrated (note the scenes where he lightsabers the environment in uncontrolled rage), so it might have affected his reasoning while battling what he would consider a "random shmuck". – Kroltan Dec 29 '15 at 03:50
  • @EricTowers Let's not forget how he struggles just to force lift a saber hilt. – 16807 Dec 29 '15 at 16:25
  • @16807 as addressed in the accepted answer to this question: http://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/111240/is-kylo-ren-talented-with-the-force-or-not/111258#111258, this was more of an issue of Rey pulling it harder I think. – Scrotinger Dec 29 '15 at 21:49
  • Also Rea..., how does she know how to use a lightsaber? – user3814413 Aug 01 '16 at 03:33

10 Answers10

32

Because he was trained for it

In "Before the Awakening" book (Disney canon book that is a prequel to Episode VII, detailing Finn's training), Finn's chapter covers this in detail:

The following morning they started on intensive melee combat training. This was done outside the simulators, in one of the exercise rooms designated for the purpose. Previously, FN-2187 and the others had trained in hand-to-hand combat, working in close quarters with fists and feet. This time they found the room prepared with racks of weapons and shields lining the walls.

The instructors demonstrated the use of each weapon, the vibro-axes and shock staffs and force pikes and resonator maces, elaborating at length on the respective strengths and weaknesses of each and when and how to employ them to best effect. They explained the composite alloys used to make the weapons, how some of the equipment was strong enough to block even a lightsaber. FN-2187 wondered about that—not whether it was true but whether or not they would ever be expected to fight someone who used a lightsaber. According to the First Order, the Jedi were extinct.

Soon enough, the instructors passed out the weapons. FN-2187 found himself with a mace and shield. Zeroes and Slip each ended up with force pikes. Nines used a one-handed vibro-axe and a shield. They were told that all the powered weapons carried only a nominal charge, making them incapable of penetrating stormtrooper armor.

They began drills, basic moves—stance, attack, parry—and then repeated, over and over again, until FN-2187 could feel perspiration running down his back inside the bodysuit he wore beneath his armor. When they’d finished, his arms ached from the effort of maintaining the mace and shield, but there was a sense of pleasure, too, the delight of learning something new and learning it quickly and well.

The books further covers it and shows that in practice combat, Finn basically mopped the floor with most everyone else in melee practice, including his own current squadmate champion and other squads as well.


In addition, in the movie novelization, it is further explained:

... No one noticed the troopers who had come up behind them—except Finn. Charging, he surprised one trooper with the glowing blade of the lightsaber, then another. A third came at him with a close-quarters weapon and the two locked in combat. Despite lack of any training with a lightsaber, Finn was athletic and courageous. In tandem with such traits, the saber made him a formidable fighter.

DVK-on-Ahch-To
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    Why do these other characters get nicknames in a section from the point-of-view of Mr. "That was the only name they ever gave me"? – Random832 Dec 28 '15 at 15:34
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    +1's all around: lots of good answers, especially those mentioning how Kylo Ren ain't that good anyway. I think the movie could have done a better job of building up the stormtroopers, especially in the area of melee combat. Maybe there's something about this in Attack of the Clones, though those are Clones and these are not. – paultamalunas Dec 28 '15 at 15:47
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    ...that is some clunky prose in the novelisation. – synesthesia Dec 28 '15 at 23:59
  • @Random832 He was also referred to as "eight-seven". Not as catchy as some of the other names, but based on his designation number, like "Zeroes" and "Nines". He could have said "I'm FN-2187, eight-seven for short" or something, but maybe the writers just wanted to point out that he didn't have a name in the traditional sense. – Tim S. Dec 29 '15 at 13:23
  • @synesthesia The whole thing's like that--there's essentially a paragraph about how BB-8 turns around by only turning his head. – Milo P Dec 29 '15 at 16:54
27

TL;DR:

In this "less civilized age", to paraphrase Obi-Wan, it takes far less training to get by in lightsaber combat. The old Jedi Order is long gone, and when it was destroyed, much of the finesse and skill possessed by its members went with it. As a result, the best lightsaber combatants in The Force Awakens are far less talented than the average Jedi was in the days when the Jedi Order was still alive and well.


Erosion of Lightsaber Skills After the Destruction of the Jedi Order:

In addition to the suggestions made in the other answers (i.e., that stormtroopers may indeed have some training with melee weapons), it makes sense to consider what we saw in the original trilogy.

In Episode IV, Luke probably spent a few days aboard the Millennium Falcon with Obi-Wan, and received some very rudimentary lightsaber training during that time; the only training we actually saw was basically blaster-deflection practice against the remote droid.

In Episode V, Luke trained with Yoda for a while, probably less than a month. This training seemed to be focused mainly on physical fitness (running around, climbing vines, etc, with Yoda on his back), Force skills (lifting rocks, droids, and an X-Wing, doing headstands, etc), and mental preparation for facing Vader (the cave scene). As far as we know, there was no lightsaber training involved in the regimen on Dagobah, and we have no reason to believe that Yoda still owned a lightsaber. Even if Yoda did have his lightsaber stashed away somewhere, it is hard to imagine him using it during Luke's training, since he had clearly become extremely frail during his decades in exile; only a couple of years after he met Luke, he died of old age.

Despite this, Luke did reasonably well against Vader in their first lightsaber duel - during the fight, Vader complimented his skills and said Obi-Wan had trained him well. Yes, he lost a hand, but it's actually pretty impressive that he wasn't hurt worse, considering the fact that he had only used his lightsaber twice before that (once to lop off a Wampa's arm, and once to cut open the hull of an AT-AT on Hoth), and had never been in a duel before, let alone a duel with one of the most powerful Force-Users in history. Faced with such a formidable opponent, it is somewhat surprising that he was able to hold his ground for as long as he did, even if we take into account the fact that Vader was holding back and not really trying to kill him.

After his first fight with Vader, Luke had no further lightsaber training, as far as we know, and he only used his lightsaber against mooks (Jabba's cronies and some stormtroopers) between the first and second duels with Vader.

In his second and final lightsaber battle with Vader, for most of the fight, he does no better than he had in their first encounter - he holds his ground most of the time, but still struggles to keep up with Vader, even though Vader is old and limited by his injuries, armor, and robotic limbs.

In the end, Luke beats Vader, but not because he's skilled in lightsaber combat - he has none of the acrobatic skill, dexterity, and elegance we see the Jedi command in the prequel trilogy. He wins because he flies into a rage and begins flailing away as hard as he can. The Jedi in Episodes I-III move like ninjas, flipping around, making precise strikes with unbelievable speed and skill, but in the climactic duel in Episode VI, Luke ends up looking like an enraged barbarian swinging a club with all his might. There is no finesse or talent involved in the final moments of the contest, just Luke's frenzied smashing, and Vader desperately trying to fend off the barrage of sledgehammer blows. Soon enough, Luke's fury is too much for the elderly Vader to withstand, and the young Jedi lops off his father's hand.

Which brings us, at last, to The Force Awakens. We don't know what Luke was up to between the end of RotJ and the beginning of his attempt to rebuild the Jedi Order, but we can probably assume that he didn't have many opportunities to improve his lightsaber skills in actual combat with other trained Force Users. Kylo Ren was trained by Luke, and his training was apparently far from complete when he turned to the Dark Side, killed the other Padawans, and joined the First Order.

This puts Kylo in a position much like Luke's circa Episode V: the Force is strong with him, but he has very little training, compared to the Jedi we saw in the prequel trilogy. Obi-Wan, Yoda, Mace Windu, etc, had been trained over decades in a controlled setting in accordance with traditions stretching back thousands of years and under the tutelage of dozens of Jedi Masters who had enjoyed a similar abundance of training.

Luke had received a few weeks of haphazard training under only two Jedi, one of whom (Obi-Wan) had very little experience as a Master, both of whom were very old and traumatized by having witnessed the destruction of the Jedi Order, and both of whom were forced to work in conditions that were far from ideal. Luke received less training than a Youngling would have when the Jedi Order was intact, and never experienced anything like the years of intimate, one-on-one mentoring and apprenticeship that the Padawans used to go through.

As limited and incomplete as Luke's training was, Kylo Ren's training was even less thorough, because he only had access to Luke's knowledge, and it seems safe to assume that Luke didn't teach Kylo everything he knew. So Luke only knows a tiny fraction of what Obi-Wan and Yoda knew, and Kylo Ren only knows some fraction of what Luke knows.

As such, we can assume that if a fraction of Obi-Wan and Yoda's knowledge plus some wild flailing allowed Luke to beat Vader, then Finn, who has no Jedi training, but who received a modicum of melee combat training, can wildly flail against Kylo Ren and do at least a little damage before being cut down.

However much melee weapon training Finn received as a stormtrooper, it wouldn't have helped him at all in a lightsaber duel with a Jedi from the prequel trilogy, because those Jedi were endowed with an immense amount of training and knowledge. But Kylo Ren only received a portion of Luke's knowledge, and Luke only received a portion of Obi-Wan and Yoda's knowledge, so Kylo is a much less formidable adversary than the old school Jedi and Sith were. As such, less skill is needed to fight Kylo Ren than one of the Jedi or Sith in the old days.


Lightsaber/Sword Combat in General:

Finally, melee combat is fairly intuitive - the basics are obvious to anyone, even if you have no training whatsoever:

  1. Hit the other guy until he's dead.

  2. Don't let the other guy hit you or you'll be dead.

That's really all you there is to it - sword fighting consists of different methods of obtaining these two related goals, hitting the other guy while preventing him from hitting you. The less skill your opponent has, the less skill you need in order to beat him.


Finn's Skills With Lightsabers/Swords:

Clearly, Finn had less skill than he would have needed to beat Kylo Ren, because he lost. He couldn't even beat a mere stormtrooper in melee combat, despite the facts that (1) Finn's weapon was superior, and (2) the other stormtrooper's training was presumably not much better than Finn's. But the amount of skill he would have needed to beat Ren was less than what Ren would need to beat Luke in Luke's prime, and Luke's relatively meager skills were enough to beat Vader; however, it is highly unlikely that Luke could have beaten Anakin prior to Anakin's dismemberment at the hands of Obi-Wan.


Conclusion:

Finn probably received at least some basic training in the use of melee weapons, because other stormtroopers seem to demonstrate some degree of proficiency in this regard, and such training is fairly standard in real-world military instruction (e.g., bayonet training in boot camp). Furthermore, the basics of melee combat are fairly intuitive, because the fundamental concepts are so obvious - hit the other guy and prevent him from hitting you. Finally, no one in The Force Awakens is as competent in lightsaber combat as the old Jedi Order was, so less skill goes farther than it used to in the old days. Thus, Finn's paltry skills allow him to do reasonably well in melee combat, but he struggles to survive a duel with a stormtrooper with better training, and even Kylo's relatively meager abilities with a lightsaber (compared to, say, Mace Windu or Yoda in their respective primes) are far too much for Finn to withstand. So he gets in two fights with a lightsaber, and he loses both - that's about what you'd expect, since he's just a former soldier with minimal training and good intentions, who happens to be holding a lightsaber.

Wad Cheber
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    Or you could argue that the diplomat jedis of old would know little of lightsaber combat against a force-wielding adversary, and their techniques were developed primarily as a means to train them in the force rather than as an efficient means of fighting other lightsaber wielding force users. Then it makes perfect sense that Vader and Obi-Wan as well as Kylo Ren all share a much more efficient fighting style, based on efficient defence and offence rather than jumping and twirling. – user161825 Dec 28 '15 at 11:28
  • Couldn't Luke learn from the force ghosts of Anakin, Yoda, and Obi-Wan, though? It's not actual dueling, but it wouldn't be nothing, and it would be beyond what we see in episodes IV-VI – Zo the Relativist Dec 28 '15 at 17:13
  • I like what this answer ends up concluding to, but some of the details on the way there seem... odd at best and perhaps wrong at worst. – Ellesedil Dec 28 '15 at 17:44
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  • "After his first fight with Vader, Luke had no further lightsaber training, as far as we know, and he only used his lightsaber against mooks (Jabba's cronies and some stormtroopers) between the first and second duels with Vader." We don't know what training Luke received between 5 and 6. We only know that he wasn't too confident "Jedi" during 5 and suddenly a very confident Jedi with a brand new lightsaber he built himself. He uses his powers as he deems necessary without any doubt of their results. Logically, he must have received more extensive training with Yoda in between the two films.
  • – Ellesedil Dec 28 '15 at 17:46
  • "Luke had received a few weeks of haphazard training under only two Jedi, one of whom (Obi-Wan) had very little experience as a Master...." - I straight-up disagree here. Obi-Wan was considered to be a Jedi Master for a loooooooong time. If I recall, he was a Master for at least the entire length of the Clone Wars, not to mention the two decades he spent in hiding. It just so happens that the other Jedi Master you are comparing him to, Yoda, was (presumably) a Jedi Master for centuries.
  • – Ellesedil Dec 28 '15 at 17:51
  • @Ellesedil - Your point 1) is unnecessary because I said "as far as we know". I'm only going on what we see in the movies. 2) According to the movies alone, Anakin was the first Padawan entrusted to Obi-Wan, and Obi-Wan believed that Anakin's fall was the result of Obi-Wan's inexperience. "I thought I could teach him as well as Yoda... I was wrong". Obi-Wan was a hermit for 20 years, so he could be called a Jedi Master, but he wasn't doing what Masters used to do (like teaching young Jedi), he was just hanging out and making sure Luke was okay. – Wad Cheber Dec 28 '15 at 19:30
  • @Ellesedil - So yes, Obi-Wan became a Jedi Master 30 years or so before he took Luke under his tutelage, but he had only been engaged in Jedi Master activities for the first 10 years of that time, at the very most, and it had ended in disaster. – Wad Cheber Dec 28 '15 at 19:31
  • I'm not sure what the result of Obi-Wan's teachings (or Yoda's for that matter concerning Dooku) has to do with his rank. Regardless though, being something for 10 years is still quite a long time. I'd argue that is much more than "very little experience", as anyone who spends that much time in a particular position/profession is usually considered quite experienced. And I'm willing to bet that Obi-Wan did more than just sit in his hovel for 20 years on Tatooine. Of course, we don't really know how he spent that time, but I wouldn't dismiss his exile without knowing one way or another. – Ellesedil Dec 28 '15 at 19:43
  • @Ellesedil - He promised to stay on Tatooine and watch Luke, so either he lied or he basically just sat in his hovel. Doing Jedi stuff during that time would have endangered the safety of the boy he was supposed to be protecting. The new canonical webcomic does show Obi-Wan saving Luke and his friend from a dragon several years before the events of Ep. IV take place, so he must have been paying an awful lot of attention to Luke, and not doing much else. Compare Obi-Wan's 5-10 years as a master to Yoda's centuries in a similar role. – Wad Cheber Dec 28 '15 at 19:47
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    @Ellesedil - Compare the hundreds of Jedi who Yoda taught to the one Jedi who Obi-Wan taught in the movies, and compare Yoda's hundreds of successes to Obi-Wan's 100% failure rate in the movies. Compare what you could learn from living with Yoda, Obi-Wan, Mace, Qui-Gon, and scores of other Masters for 20 years to Luke only knowing Obi-Wan for a week and Yoda for a month. – Wad Cheber Dec 28 '15 at 19:49
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    @WadCheber To be fair, while Anakin did kind of turn out as the ultimate disappointment, Obi-Wan did a great job of teaching him how to be a Jedi insofar as Anakin was very highly skilled in lightsaber combat and force usage by the time they confronted each other on Mustafar. Also just a point of note, Obi-Wan was in communion with his old master, Qui-Gon Jinn (a venerable master by anyone's reckoning) while on Tatooine. But I agree with you, Obi-Wan definitely didn't teach Luke much of anything about lightsaber combat. – TylerH Dec 28 '15 at 20:43